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(a)
THE ELECTROSTATIC GENERATOR
[Refer
1-D1, 1-D2 and 1-P1]
The
plywood base, ½
x 12 x 12 and the wooden support for
the rotating handle are assembled as shown.
The rotating handle consisting of the Ύ
P.V.C pipe and elbow joints are fitted
through the 1 diameter hole in the wooden
support. The friction pad is made up of 4
pieces of plywood, 3 x 6 x ½.
A piece of polyethylene
(Refer C
in 1-P1), wool
(Refer D in 1-P1), silk
(Refer E
in 1-P1)
and rubber sheet is glued to each friction
pad. Fix the friction
pad (Refer B
in 1-P1) with the rubber base onto the rotating handle and place the perspex,
12 x 12 (Refer A
in 1-P1),
on the base of the electrostatic generator.
Rotate the handle about 20 times. The
perspex will be charged. Replace the perspex
with acetate or glass and use the friction
pad with silk. The charges produced on the
perspex, acetate or glass is used for the
following experiments.
(b)LIGHTING
UP A FLUORESCENT LAMP
[Refer
1-D3,1-P2]
A
short plastic rod is glued onto the centre
of the metal can lid or disc, 3 in
diameter. This metal lid is to transfer
electrical charges from the perspex to the
fluorescent lamp. Place the charge-carrying
disc on the perspex. Touch the metal disc
with the finger for a moment and then lift
the disc by the handle. The disc is now
positively charged. Hold the fluorescent
lamp at one end and bring the charged disc
to the other end. A spark will jump and the
lamp will light up briefly.
(c)
A PAPER LEAF ELECTROSCOPE
[Refer
1-D4 and 1-P3]
The
paper leaves are cut from ordinary paper.
The parts are assembled in a milk bottle as
shown in the diagrams stated. Bring the
charged perspex from the electrostatic
generator close to the disc of the
electroscope. The leaves will separate,
showing that the electroscope has acquired a
charge.
(d)
ELECTROSTATIC JUMPING PARTICLES
[Refer
1-P4 and 1-P5]
Line
the bottom of the transparent box with
aluminium foil. Put some light materials
such as tiny bits of cork, small pieces of
paper or pieces of polystyrene into the box.
Close the cover as shown. Rub over the cover
of the box vigorously with wool and the
particles will fly to the cover, staying
there for a while and then flying off again
and so forth.
(e) ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE DETECTOR
[Refer 1-D6 and 1-P6]
Insert
pin through the centre of the lid so that
its pointed end sticks upwards. Balance
the stiff paper and its centre on the point
of the pin so that it can easily rotate.
Rub a straw with nylon near the charge detector
and the stiff paper will turn and point
in the direction of the straw.
(f)
ELECTROSTATIC TREE
[Refer 1-D7and 1-P7]
Bend
a thick piece of wire, 14 long, at each
end and form two loops. Cut 10 strips of
tissue paper, each Ό wide and 8
long. Fix the strips of paper through one
loop. Support the wire on a stand as shown.
Charge the piece of perspex, 12 x 12,
with the electrostatic generator and bring
it in contact with the free end of the thick
wire. The strips of paper will spread out
just like a palm tree.
(g)
PITH BALLS
[Refer 1-D8 and 1-P8]
Hang
the two polystyrene balls as shown in the
diagram, i.e. the pith balls which are very
small, lightweight objects that pick up
electric charge quite well. Bring a charged
straw near and touch them. Remove the straw
and the two polystyrene balls will repel
each other.
(h)
THE LEYDEN JAR
[Refer 1-D9 and 1-P9]
Wrap
aluminium foil on the inside and outside
of a glass as shown. Make a chain out of
paper clips. Hang the chain on a plastic
rod. The chain must touch the bottom of
the inside foil. Bring the charged disc
from the electrostatic generator near the
top clip. A spark jumps to the clip. Repeat
this a few times. Connect a short piece
of wire from the outer foil to the clip.
A powerful spark will be produced. The Leyden
Jar can store electrical charges.
(i)
SHIELDING THE ELECTROSCOPE
[Refer 1-P10]
Place
an electroscope inside a wire mesh frame
as shown. Bring any charged material near
and there will be no effect on the electroscope.
The electrostatic charge cannot penetrate
such a shield.
THE COMPLETE ELECTROSTATIC
KIT
[Refer 1-P11]
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